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NM7142: Critical Evaluation of the Literature: a. PubMed

Basic PubMed Searching

PubMed Description: An international biomedical database with over 21 million citations to research articles published in medical and allied sciences journals; PubMed includes Medline (the largest component), PubMed Central  and e-books.

Video: Basic PubMed search...

Video: How to access full text articles in PubMed....

PubMed Search Example

Clinical scenario:

Your adult male patient has a history of high blood pressure and you're wondering if biofeedback might be effective in lowering it.

1st: Identify PICO as specifically as possible:

Patient Population (or Problem) Intervention (or Exposure) Comparison (if known) Outcome Measure(s)
adult males with hypertension biofeedback  

lower overall blood pressure levels

2nd: Frame your clinical question using elements from your PICO:

Q. Is biofeedback effective in lowering blood pressure in adult men?

3rd: From PICO to search query:

Note: In the example below, official PubMed subject headings (MeSH terms) are capitalized to distinguish them from keywords (but capital letters aren't necessary in running searches).

PubMed search query: 

biofeedback AND (Hypertension OR Blood Pressure)

Filters applied: 10 years (Date); Adult: 19+ years (Age); Male (Sex)

Explanation of PubMed search query:

Search terms: biofeedback is a keyword; Hypertension (disease aspect) and Blood Pressure (physiological aspect) are MeSH terms (subject headings).

Why parentheses? Think algebra! Parentheses are necessary when you use both AND and OR in the same search; they tell PubMed how to run the search, i.e. first find citations with either or both terms within each set of parentheses, and then combine results from the two sets.

Filters/Limits: PubMed's filters appear on the left sidebar after you run the search; click Show more filters at the bottom of the left sidebar if you don't see the ones you need.

 

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